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Absorption heat pump for waste heat reuse: current states and future development

Zhenyuan XU, Ruzhu WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 414-436 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0507-1

摘要： Absorption heat pump attracts increasing attention due to its advantages in low grade thermal energy utilization. It can be applied for waste heat reuse to save energy consumption, reduce environment pollution, and bring considerable economic benefit. In this paper, three important aspects for absorption heat pump for waste heat reuse are reviewed. In the first part, different absorption heat pump cycles are classified and introduced. Absorption heat pumps for heat amplification and absorption heat transformer for temperature upgrading are included. Both basic single effect cycles and advanced cycles for better performance are introduced. In the second part, different working pairs, including the water based working pairs, ammonia based working pairs, alcohol based working pairs, and halogenated hydrocarbon based working pairs, for absorption heat pump are classified based on the refrigerant. In the third part, the applications of the absorption heat pump and absorption heat transformer for waste heat reuse in different industries are introduced. Based on the reviews in the three aspects, essential summary and future perspective are presented at last.

关键词： absorption     heat pump     heat transformer     waste heat     working pair    

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Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system

Chaoyang DU,Jingjie YU,Huaping ZHONG,Dandan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 288-297 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0642-4

摘要： There is no alternative to the world’s water resources, and their increasing scarcity is making it difficult to meet the world population’s water needs. This paper presents a sustainable water resources system (SWRS) and analyzes the operating mechanism that makes it possible to evaluate the status of such a system. A SWRS can be described as a complex coupling system that integrates water resources, social, economic and ecological systems into a whole. The SWRS’s operating mechanism is composed of dynamic, resistance and coordination components, and it interacts with and controls the system’s evolution process. The study introduces a new approach, set pair analysis theory, to measure the state of a SWRS, and an evaluation index system is established using the subsystems and operating mechanism of a SWRS. The evaluation index system is separated into three levels (goal level, criteria level and index level) and divides the index standard into five grades. An evaluation model of the SWRS based on set pair analysis theory is constructed, and an example of SWRS evaluation in Shanghai is presented. The connection degrees of the index in the three levels are calculated, and the connection degree of the goal index is calculated to be 0.342, which classifies the city’s SWRS condition as grade 2. The sustainable use of water resources in the region is determined to be at a relatively adequate level that meets the requirements of sustainable development.

关键词： sustainable water resources system     operating mechanism     set pair analysis model     Shanghai    

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Performance design of a cryogenic air separation unit for variable working conditions using the lumped

Jinghua XU, Tiantian WANG, Qianyong CHEN, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第15卷 第1期   页码 24-42 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0558-6

摘要： Large-scale cryogenic air separation units (ASUs), which are widely used in global petrochemical and semiconductor industries, are being developed with high operating elasticity under variable working conditions. Different from discrete processes in traditional machinery manufacturing, the ASU process is continuous and involves the compression, adsorption, cooling, condensation, liquefaction, evaporation, and distillation of multiple streams. This feature indicates that thousands of technical parameters in adsorption, heat transfer, and distillation processes are correlated and merged into a large-scale complex system. A lumped parameter model (LPM) of ASU is proposed by lumping the main factors together and simplifying the secondary ones to achieve accurate and fast performance design. On the basis of material and energy conservation laws, the piecewise-lumped parameters are extracted under variable working conditions by using LPM. Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy interval detection is recursively utilized to determine whether the critical point is detected or not by using different thresholds. Compared with the traditional method, LPM is particularly suitable for “rough first then precise” modeling by expanding the feasible domain using fuzzy intervals. With LPM, the performance of the air compressor, molecular sieve adsorber, turbo expander, main plate-fin heat exchangers, and packing column of a 100000 Nm O /h large-scale ASU is enhanced to adapt to variable working conditions. The designed value of net power consumption per unit of oxygen production (kW/(Nm O )) is reduced by 6.45%.

关键词： performance design     air separation unit (ASU)     lumped parameter model (LPM)     variable working conditions     T–S fuzzy interval detection    

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Adaptive robust beamformer formulti-pair two-way relay networks with imperfect channel state information

Jin WANG,Feng SHU,Ri-qing CHEN,Yu-di CUI,Yu CHEN,Jun LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第3期   页码 265-280 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500134

摘要： In wideband multi-pair two-way relay networks, the performance of beamforming at a relay station (RS) is intimately related to the accuracy of the channel state information (CSI) available. The accuracy of CSI is determined by Doppler spread, delay between beamforming and channel estimation, and density of pilot symbols, including transmit power of pilot symbols. The coefficient of the Gaussian-Markov CSI error model is modeled as a function of CSI delay, Doppler spread, and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be estimated in real time. In accordance with the real-time estimated coefficients of the error model, an adaptive robust maximum signal-to-interferenceand- noise ratio (Max-SINR) plus maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (Max-SLNR) beamformer at an RS is proposed to track the variation of the CSI error. From simulation results and analysis, it is shown that: compared to existing non-adaptive beamformers, the proposed adaptive beamformer is more robust and performs much better in the sense of bit error rate (BER); with increase in the density of transmit pilot symbols, its BER and sum-rate performances tend to those of the beamformer of Max-SINR plus Max-SLNR with ideal CSI.

关键词： Multi-pair two-way relay     Adaptive robust beamformer     Channel state information (CSI)     Maximum signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (Max-SINR)     Maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (Max-SLNR)    

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Two-level uncapacitated lot-sizing problem considering the financing cost of working capital requirement

Yuan BIAN, David LEMOINE, Thomas G. YEUNG, Nathalie BOSTEL

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第2期   页码 248-258 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0069-5

摘要： During financial crisis, companies constantly need free cash flows to efficiently react to any uncertainty, thus ensuring solvency. Working capital requirement (WCR) has been recognized as a key factor for releasing tied up cash in companies. However, in literatures related to lot-sizing problem, WCR has only been studied in the single-level supply chain context. In this paper, we initially adopt WCR model for a multi-level case. A two-level (supplier–customer) model is established on the basis of the classic multi-level lot-sizing model integrated with WCR financing cost. To tackle this problem, we propose sequential and centralized approaches to solve the two-level case with a serial chain structure. The ZIO (Zero Inventory Ordering) property is further confirmed valid in both cases. This property allows us to establish a dynamic programming-based algorithm, which solves the problem in O(T ). Finally, numerical tests show differences in optimal plans obtained by both approaches and the influence of varying delays in payment on the WCR of both actors.

关键词： two-level ULS problem     lot-sizing     working capital requirement     ZIO property     infinite production capacity    

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A method to calculate working capacity space of multi-DOF manipulator and the application in excavating

Baochen WEI, Feng GAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第2期   页码 109-119 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0323-6

摘要：

Working capacity refers to the velocity output and force output of a manipulator. It is usually be represented by output capacity space. In this paper, the method of Linear Programming and a geometric method are proposed to calculate working capacity spaces in different situations. With the consideration of gravity effect of every component, the output force capacity space of heavy duty manipulators is calculated. The results show that the effect of the gravity is a translation of the capacity space. This paper gives a method for the output capacity express especially for heavy duty manipulators. The output capacity space can be helpful to the driving parameters selection. With the consideration of the gravity effect of every component and the friction at the joints, the excavating force capacity space of the heavy-load excavating mechanism is calculated and is represented as a multi-dimensional polytope. The results show that the effect of the gravity and friction is to translational act on the capacity space.

关键词： working capacity     multi-DOF manipulator     capacity polytope     excavating mechanism    

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Fast determination of tobramycin by reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography with

Liang ZHU, Jingkang WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1348-z

摘要： A simple and direct method without a derivation step for routine analysis of tobramycin has been developed. This method used reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a refractive index (RI) detector and a C18 column which is stable at pH above 1.00. The presence of 4.50 mg·mL trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the mobile phase improved the protonation of tobramycin and the formation of ion-pairs, and thus reduced its hydrophility. This unique separation–detection combination showed good linearity with correlation coefficients 0.9996 in the concentration range of 0.25–2.50 mg·mL . The quantitation limit and detection limit were determined to be 0.23 mg·mL and 0.071 mg·mL , respectively. Tobramycin was recovered in 98.00%, 98.84% and 99.64% for tobramycin solutions at concentrations of 2.25 mg·mL , 1.50 mg·mL and 0.75 mg·mL , respectively. The relative standard deviations for six spiked samples ranged from 0.20% to 2.40%, indicating a good reproducibility of this method.

关键词： tobramycin     aminoglycoside     refractive index detector     high-performance liquid chromatography     ion-pairing    

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Unit commitment using dynamic programming–an exhaustive working of both classical and stochastic approach

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN, Surbhi SIKRI, K. S. SWARUP, D. P. KOTHARI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 333-341 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0259-5

摘要： In the present electricity market, where renewable energy power plants have been included in the power systems, there is a lot of unpredictability in the demand and generation. There are many conventional and evolutionary programming techniques used for solving the unit commitment (UC) problem. Dynamic programming (DP) is a conventional algorithm used to solve the deterministic problem. In this paper DP is used to solve the stochastic model of UC problem. The stochastic modeling for load and generation side has been formulated using an approximate state decision approach. The programs were developed in a MATLAB environment and were extensively tested for a four-unit eight-hour system. The results obtained from these techniques were validated with the available literature and outcome was good. The commitment is in such a way that the total cost is minimal. The novelty of this paper lies in the fact that DP is used for solving the stochastic UC problem.

关键词： unit commitment (UC)     deterministic     stochastic     dynamic programming (DP)     optimization     state diagram    

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Exergy analysis of R1234ze(Z) as high temperature heat pump working fluid with multi-stage compression

Bin HU, Di WU, L.W. WANG, R.Z. WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 493-502 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0510-6

摘要： In this paper, the simulation approach and exergy analysis of multi-stage compression high temperature heat pump (HTHP) systems with R1234ze(Z) working fluid are conducted. Both the single-stage and multi-stage compression cycles are analyzed to compare the system performance with 120°C pressurized hot water supply based upon waste heat recovery. The exergy destruction ratios of each component for different stage compression systems are compared. The results show that the exergy loss ratios of the compressor are bigger than that of the evaporator and the condenser for the single-stage compression system. The multi-stage compression system has better energy and exergy efficiencies with the increase of compression stage number. Compared with the single-stage compression system, the coefficient of performance (COP) improvements of the two-stage and three-stage compression system are 9.1% and 14.6%, respectively. When the waste heat source temperature is 60°C, the exergy efficiencies increase about 6.9% and 11.8% for the two-stage and three-stage compression system respectively.

关键词： multi-stage compression     high temperature heat pump     heat recovery     exergy destruction     R1234ze(Z) working fluid    

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Working Up Green, and Living Up Green

Ji-shan He

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 2-2 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014002

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Experimental study on working parameters of earth pressure balance shield machine tunneling in soft ground

ZHU Hehua, LIAO Shaoming, XU Qianwei, ZHENG Qizhen

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 350-358 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0051-5

摘要： Deep sedimentary deposits of soft clays are widely distributed in coastal areas as well as many interior major cities in China. In order to study the stratum adaptability of earth pressure balance (EPB) shield machine tunneling in such types of soft ground, model tests of tunneling excavation, using the running tunnel of the Shanghai Metro Line M8 as a background, are carried out with different over burden ratios, opening rates of cutter head, driving speeds and rotation speeds of screw conveyor. Based on the test results, the interrelationships between chamber pressure and mucking efficiency, mucking rate and driving speed, thrust force and torque are obtained. The influences of tunnel depth, opening rate of cutter head and driving speed on thrust force and torque are revealed. Such findings can not only facilitate establishing relationships between shield working parameters and soil properties, but also serve as a guide for the design and construction of shield tunnel in soft ground.

关键词： construction     different     coastal     conveyor     excavation    

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Performance of a bi-layer solar steam generation system working at a high-temperature of top surface

Jinxin ZHONG, Congliang HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 141-148 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0725-4

摘要： Many efforts have been focused on enhancing the vapor generation in bi-layer solar steam generation systems for obtaining as much pure water as possible. However, the methods to enhance the vapor temperature is seldom studied although the high-temperature vapor has a wide use in medical sterilization and electricity generation. In this work, to probe the high-temperature vapor system, an improved macroscopic heat and mass transfer model was proposed. Then, using the finite element method to solve the model, the influences of some main factors on the evaporation efficiency and vapor temperature were discussed, including effects of the vapor transport conditions and the heat dissipation conditions. The results show that the high-temperature vapor could not be obtained by enhancing the heat-insulating property of the bi-layer systems but by applying the optimal porosity and proper absorbers. This paper is expected to provide some information for designing a bi-layered system to produce high-temperature vapor.

关键词： solar steam generation     solar energy     numerical method     porous material    

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Characteristics Analysis of Integrated CAES and CFPP Trigeneration System Considering Working Conditions

Jiajia Li,Peigang Yan,Guowen Zhou,Xingshuo Li,Qiang Li,Jinfu Liu,Daren Yu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.015

摘要： To meet the goal of worldwide decarbonization, the transformation process toward clean and green energy structures has accelerated. In this context, coal-fired power plant (CFPPs) and large-scale energy storage represented by compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology, are tasked with increasing renewable resource accommodation and maintaining the power system security. To achieve this, this paper proposes the concept of a CFPP–CAES combined cycle and a trigenerative system based on that. Considering the working conditions of the CFPP, thermal characteristics of three typical operation modes were studied and some general regularities were identified. The results of various potential integration schemes discussion indicated that extracting water from low-temperature points in the feedwater system to cool pressurized air and simultaneously increase the backwater temperature is beneficial for improving performance. In addition, preheating the pressurized air before the air expanders via low-grade water in the feedwater system as much as possible and reducing extracted steam contribute to increasing the efficiency. With the optimal integration scheme, 2.85 tonnes of coal can be saved per cycle and the round-trip efficiency can be increased by 2.24%. Through the cogeneration of heat and power, the system efficiency can reach 77.5%. In addition, the contribution degree of the three compression heat utilization methods to the performance improvement ranked from high to low, is preheating the feedwater before the boiler, supplying heat, and flowing into the CFPP feedwater system. In the cooling energy generation mode, the system efficiency can be increased to over 69%. Regardless of the operation mode, the benefit produced by integration is further enhanced when the CFPP operates at higher operating conditions because the coupling points parameters are changed. In addition, the dynamic payback period can be shortened by 11.33 years and the internal rate of return increases by 5.20% under a typical application scenario. Regarding the effect of different application scenarios in terms of economics, investing in the proposed system is more appropriate in regions with multiple energy demands, especially heating demand. These results demonstrate the technical advantages of the proposed system and provide guiding principles for its design, operation, and project investment.

关键词： Compressed air energy storage     CFPP–CAES combined cycle     Thermodynamic performance     Technical economics    

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新建有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床采矿技术研究工作程序

郭然,于润沧

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第7期   页码 51-55

摘要：

目前矿山的岩爆研究工作大都是围绕着如何预报和防治岩爆展开的，针对如何开展新建或尚未发生过岩爆矿山的岩爆研究工作不多。文章重点探讨了新建有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床开采技术研究工作程序，为建立有岩爆倾向深赋硬岩矿床采矿理论体系奠定了基础。

关键词： 岩爆     采矿技术     工作程序    

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液压冲击机构工作参数调节机理与控制策略S

刘忠,,褚福磊,龙国键,廖永忠

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第10期   页码 73-77

摘要：

针对目前国内外液压冲击机械工作参数调节方法的局限性，提出了行程无级调节原理，设计了一种新型的行程无级调节装置，并对该装置进行了数字仿真研究；在此基础上设计了一种基于微机控制的无级调节工作参数的液压冲击机构，论述了其设计原理、结构特点、技术性能和控制策略。

关键词： 液压冲击机构     无级调节     工作参数     控制系统    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Absorption heat pump for waste heat reuse: current states and future development

Zhenyuan XU, Ruzhu WANG

期刊论文

Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system

Chaoyang DU,Jingjie YU,Huaping ZHONG,Dandan WANG

期刊论文

Performance design of a cryogenic air separation unit for variable working conditions using the lumped

Jinghua XU, Tiantian WANG, Qianyong CHEN, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN

期刊论文

Adaptive robust beamformer formulti-pair two-way relay networks with imperfect channel state information

Jin WANG,Feng SHU,Ri-qing CHEN,Yu-di CUI,Yu CHEN,Jun LI

期刊论文

Two-level uncapacitated lot-sizing problem considering the financing cost of working capital requirement

Yuan BIAN, David LEMOINE, Thomas G. YEUNG, Nathalie BOSTEL

期刊论文

A method to calculate working capacity space of multi-DOF manipulator and the application in excavating

Baochen WEI, Feng GAO

期刊论文

Fast determination of tobramycin by reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography with

Liang ZHU, Jingkang WANG

期刊论文

Unit commitment using dynamic programming–an exhaustive working of both classical and stochastic approach

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN, Surbhi SIKRI, K. S. SWARUP, D. P. KOTHARI

期刊论文

Exergy analysis of R1234ze(Z) as high temperature heat pump working fluid with multi-stage compression

Bin HU, Di WU, L.W. WANG, R.Z. WANG

期刊论文

Working Up Green, and Living Up Green

Ji-shan He

期刊论文

Experimental study on working parameters of earth pressure balance shield machine tunneling in soft ground

ZHU Hehua, LIAO Shaoming, XU Qianwei, ZHENG Qizhen

期刊论文

Performance of a bi-layer solar steam generation system working at a high-temperature of top surface

Jinxin ZHONG, Congliang HUANG

期刊论文

Characteristics Analysis of Integrated CAES and CFPP Trigeneration System Considering Working Conditions

Jiajia Li,Peigang Yan,Guowen Zhou,Xingshuo Li,Qiang Li,Jinfu Liu,Daren Yu,

期刊论文

新建有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床采矿技术研究工作程序

郭然,于润沧

期刊论文

液压冲击机构工作参数调节机理与控制策略S

刘忠,,褚福磊,龙国键,廖永忠

期刊论文